EC 2.6.1.2: alanine transaminase

TransferasesOpen in Browse

CatLog read 109 records for EC 2.6.1.2 from 7 papers, for 14 organisms. Names in these papers: alanine aminotransferase, AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged), alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT) and 23 more.

Read from the paper by an AI model and checked against the paper by a second, separate AI run; code converted the units.

CatLog also holds 43 records for EC 2.6.1.2 that are not yet re-read: from its earlier version, built from the enzyme databases and partly checked against the papers. All records for EC 2.6.1.2 in Browse.

Papers

Papers with records for EC 2.6.1.2
PaperOrganismsRecords
Analysis of the enzymatic properties of a broad family of alanine aminotransferasesArabidopsis thaliana, Hordeum vulgare and 4 more40
The enzymology of alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) isoforms from Hordeum vulgare and other organisms, and the HvAlaAT crystal structureBacillus halodurans, Hordeum vulgare and 5 more36
Separation and properties of leaf aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase isoenzymes operative in the C4 pathway of photosynthesisAtriplex spongiosa12
Purification and characterization of the alanine aminotransferase from the hyperthermophilic Archaeon pyrococcus furiosus and its role in alanine productionPyrococcus furiosus8
Biochemical characterization and kinetic properties of alanine aminotransferase homologues partially purified from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivum8
Divergent roles in Arabidopsis thaliana development and defense of two homologous genes, aberrant growth and death2 and AGD2-LIKE DEFENSE RESPONSE PROTEIN1, encoding novel aminotransferasesArabidopsis thaliana4
Aspartate aminotransferase Rv3722c governs aspartate-dependent nitrogen metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosis1

Records

Records for EC 2.6.1.2 read from the paper
EnzymeOrganismSubstratekcat (s⁻¹)Km (mM)kcat/Km (mM⁻¹ s⁻¹)ConditionsPaperOpen record
AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferaseArabidopsis thalianaL-alanine1.6725.60.065pH 8PMID 14729919Open record: AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferase, L-alanine
AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferaseArabidopsis thalianaL-glutamate6.473.082.1pH 8PMID 14729919Open record: AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferase, L-glutamate
AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferasevariant P398SArabidopsis thalianaL-alanine0.8723.30.037pH 8PMID 14729919Open record: AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferase variant P398S, L-alanine
AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferasevariant P398SArabidopsis thalianaL-glutamate1.483.120.47pH 8PMID 14729919Open record: AGD2 (ABERRANT GROWTH AND DEATH2) aminotransferase variant P398S, L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferasePyrococcus furiosus2-oxoglutaratenative; purified from P. furiosus cells—0.9—pH 7.2, 80 °CPMID 10762259Open record: alanine aminotransferase, 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferasePyrococcus furiosus2-oxoglutaraterecombinant—1.1—pH 7.2, 80 °CPMID 10762259Open record: alanine aminotransferase, 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferasePyrococcus furiosusL-alaninenative; purified from P. furiosus cells1142.841pH 7.2, 80 °CPMID 10762259Open record: alanine aminotransferase, L-alanine
alanine aminotransferasePyrococcus furiosusL-alaninerecombinant1863.258pH 7.2, 80 °CPMID 10762259Open record: alanine aminotransferase, L-alanine
alanine aminotransferasePyrococcus furiosusL-glutamatenative; purified from P. furiosus cells1424.333pH 7.2, 80 °CPMID 10762259Open record: alanine aminotransferase, L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferasePyrococcus furiosusL-glutamaterecombinant2164.746pH 7.2, 80 °CPMID 10762259Open record: alanine aminotransferase, L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferasePyrococcus furiosuspyruvatenative; purified from P. furiosus cells—5.4—pH 7.2, 80 °CPMID 10762259Open record: alanine aminotransferase, pyruvate
alanine aminotransferasePyrococcus furiosuspyruvaterecombinant—5.6—pH 7.2, 80 °CPMID 10762259Open record: alanine aminotransferase, pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged)Hordeum vulgare2-oxoglutarate—0.18—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged), 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged)Hordeum vulgareL-alanine8.270.8310 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged), L-alanine
alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged)Hordeum vulgareL-glutamate9.090.5417 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged), L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged)Hordeum vulgarepyruvate—0.21—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT, N-terminal His-tagged), pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT)Oryza sativa2-oxoglutarate—0.25—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT), 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT)Oryza sativaL-alanine4.980.412 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT), L-alanine
alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT)Oryza sativaL-glutamate6.860.6810 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT), L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT)Oryza sativapyruvate—0.11—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (Os AlaAT), pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase (Sc AlaAT)Saccharomyces cerevisiae2-oxoglutarate—0.2—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (Sc AlaAT), 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase (Sc AlaAT)Saccharomyces cerevisiaeL-alanine6.093.61.7 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (Sc AlaAT), L-alanine
alanine aminotransferase (Sc AlaAT)Saccharomyces cerevisiaeL-glutamate8.640.2436 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (Sc AlaAT), L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferase (Sc AlaAT)Saccharomyces cerevisiaepyruvate—0.4—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (Sc AlaAT), pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase (tag-free HvAlaAT)Hordeum vulgare2-oxoglutarate—0.28—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (tag-free HvAlaAT), 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase (tag-free HvAlaAT)Hordeum vulgareL-alanine12.113.793.20 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (tag-free HvAlaAT), L-alanine
alanine aminotransferase (tag-free HvAlaAT)Hordeum vulgareL-glutamate25.620.7932 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (tag-free HvAlaAT), L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferase (tag-free HvAlaAT)Hordeum vulgarepyruvate—0.17—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase (tag-free HvAlaAT), pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase 1 (Zm AlaAT 1)Zea mays2-oxoglutarate—0.37—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase 1 (Zm AlaAT 1), 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase 1 (Zm AlaAT 1)Zea maysL-alanine5.490.628.9 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase 1 (Zm AlaAT 1), L-alanine
alanine aminotransferase 1 (Zm AlaAT 1)Zea maysL-glutamate6.560.5612 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase 1 (Zm AlaAT 1), L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferase 1 (Zm AlaAT 1)Zea mayspyruvate—0.42—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase 1 (Zm AlaAT 1), pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase 2 (Zm AlaAT 2)Zea mays2-oxoglutarate—0.2—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase 2 (Zm AlaAT 2), 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase 2 (Zm AlaAT 2)Zea maysL-alanine0.333.060.11 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase 2 (Zm AlaAT 2), L-alanine
alanine aminotransferase 2 (Zm AlaAT 2)Zea maysL-glutamate0.670.551.2 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase 2 (Zm AlaAT 2), L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferase 2 (Zm AlaAT 2)Zea mayspyruvate—0.54—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: alanine aminotransferase 2 (Zm AlaAT 2), pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT1Triticum aestivum2-oxoglutarate—0.19—pH 7.3PMID 22863564Open record: alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT1, 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT1Triticum aestivumL-alanine134.96.0522.29pH 7.3PMID 22863564Open record: alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT1, L-alanine
alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT1Triticum aestivumL-glutamate127.76.2519.63pH 7.3PMID 22863564Open record: alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT1, L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT1Triticum aestivumpyruvate—0.22—pH 7.3PMID 22863564Open record: alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT1, pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT2Triticum aestivum2-oxoglutarate—0.35—pH 7.3PMID 22863564Open record: alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT2, 2-oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT2Triticum aestivumL-alanine1706.924.64pH 7.3PMID 22863564Open record: alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT2, L-alanine
alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT2Triticum aestivumL-glutamate136.66.6620.51pH 7.3PMID 22863564Open record: alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT2, L-glutamate
alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT2Triticum aestivumpyruvate—0.29—pH 7.3PMID 22863564Open record: alanine aminotransferase homologue AlaAT2, pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-1 (minor, both cell types)Atriplex spongiosa2-Oxoglutarate—0.3—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-1 (minor, both cell types), 2-Oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-1 (minor, both cell types)Atriplex spongiosaAlanine—0.25—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-1 (minor, both cell types), Alanine
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-1 (minor, both cell types)Atriplex spongiosaGlutamate—0.55—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-1 (minor, both cell types), Glutamate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-1 (minor, both cell types)Atriplex spongiosaPyruvate—0.45—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-1 (minor, both cell types), Pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-2 (mesophyll)Atriplex spongiosa2-Oxoglutarate—0.09—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-2 (mesophyll), 2-Oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-2 (mesophyll)Atriplex spongiosaAlanine—3—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-2 (mesophyll), Alanine
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-2 (mesophyll)Atriplex spongiosaGlutamate—1.15—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-2 (mesophyll), Glutamate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-2 (mesophyll)Atriplex spongiosaPyruvate—0.04—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-2 (mesophyll), Pyruvate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-3 (bundle sheath)Atriplex spongiosa2-Oxoglutarate—0.028—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-3 (bundle sheath), 2-Oxoglutarate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-3 (bundle sheath)Atriplex spongiosaAlanine—3.1—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-3 (bundle sheath), Alanine
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-3 (bundle sheath)Atriplex spongiosaGlutamate—0.8—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-3 (bundle sheath), Glutamate
alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-3 (bundle sheath)Atriplex spongiosaPyruvate—0.022—pH 7.5, 22 °CPMID 4730471Open record: alanine aminotransferase isoenzyme ALA-DEAE-3 (bundle sheath), Pyruvate
AtAlaAT1Arabidopsis thaliana2-oxoglutarate—0.1—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtAlaAT1, 2-oxoglutarate
AtAlaAT1Arabidopsis thalianaalanine—2.4—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtAlaAT1, alanine
AtAlaAT1Arabidopsis thalianaglutamate—2.5—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtAlaAT1, glutamate
AtAlaAT1Arabidopsis thalianapyruvate—0.1—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtAlaAT1, pyruvate
AtAlaAT2Arabidopsis thaliana2-oxoglutarate—1—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtAlaAT2, 2-oxoglutarate
AtAlaAT2Arabidopsis thalianaalanine—10.4—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtAlaAT2, alanine
AtAlaAT2Arabidopsis thalianaglutamate—4.9—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtAlaAT2, glutamate
AtAlaAT2Arabidopsis thalianapyruvate—5.1—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtAlaAT2, pyruvate
AtGGAT1Arabidopsis thaliana2-oxoglutarate—0.2—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtGGAT1, 2-oxoglutarate
AtGGAT1Arabidopsis thalianaalanine—1.9—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtGGAT1, alanine
AtGGAT1Arabidopsis thalianaglutamate—0.2—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtGGAT1, glutamate
AtGGAT1Arabidopsis thalianapyruvate—0.6—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtGGAT1, pyruvate
AtGGAT2Arabidopsis thaliana2-oxoglutarate—8.8—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtGGAT2, 2-oxoglutarate
AtGGAT2Arabidopsis thalianaalanine—1.2—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtGGAT2, alanine
AtGGAT2Arabidopsis thalianaglutamate—0.2—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtGGAT2, glutamate
AtGGAT2Arabidopsis thalianapyruvate—18.5—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: AtGGAT2, pyruvate
beta-alanine aminotransferase (Pp β-AlaAT)Pseudomonas putida2-oxoglutarate—0.05—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: beta-alanine aminotransferase (Pp β-AlaAT), 2-oxoglutarate
beta-alanine aminotransferase (Pp β-AlaAT)Pseudomonas putidaL-alanine0.080.210.38 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: beta-alanine aminotransferase (Pp β-AlaAT), L-alanine
beta-alanine aminotransferase (Pp β-AlaAT)Pseudomonas putidaL-glutamate0.170.570.30 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: beta-alanine aminotransferase (Pp β-AlaAT), L-glutamate
beta-alanine aminotransferase (Pp β-AlaAT)Pseudomonas putidapyruvate—0.2—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: beta-alanine aminotransferase (Pp β-AlaAT), pyruvate
D-alanine aminotransferase (Bh d-AlaAT)Bacillus halodurans2-oxoglutarate—0.32—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: D-alanine aminotransferase (Bh d-AlaAT), 2-oxoglutarate
D-alanine aminotransferase (Bh d-AlaAT)Bacillus haloduransL-alanine1.255.150.243 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: D-alanine aminotransferase (Bh d-AlaAT), L-alanine
D-alanine aminotransferase (Bh d-AlaAT)Bacillus haloduransL-glutamate2.80.446.4 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: D-alanine aminotransferase (Bh d-AlaAT), L-glutamate
D-alanine aminotransferase (Bh d-AlaAT)Bacillus haloduranspyruvate—0.08—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: D-alanine aminotransferase (Bh d-AlaAT), pyruvate
D-alanine aminotransferase (Rp d-AlaAT)Rhodopseudomonas palustris2-oxoglutarate—0.2—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: D-alanine aminotransferase (Rp d-AlaAT), 2-oxoglutarate
D-alanine aminotransferase (Rp d-AlaAT)Rhodopseudomonas palustrisL-alanine0.381.520.25 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: D-alanine aminotransferase (Rp d-AlaAT), L-alanine
D-alanine aminotransferase (Rp d-AlaAT)Rhodopseudomonas palustrisL-glutamate3.060.215 calc.pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: D-alanine aminotransferase (Rp d-AlaAT), L-glutamate
D-alanine aminotransferase (Rp d-AlaAT)Rhodopseudomonas palustrispyruvate—0.08—pH 8, 25 °CPMID 22750542Open record: D-alanine aminotransferase (Rp d-AlaAT), pyruvate
HvAlaATHordeum vulgare2-oxoglutarate—0.2—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: HvAlaAT, 2-oxoglutarate
HvAlaATHordeum vulgarealanine—5.6—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: HvAlaAT, alanine
HvAlaATHordeum vulgareglutamate—4.9—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: HvAlaAT, glutamate
HvAlaATHordeum vulgarepyruvate—0.1—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: HvAlaAT, pyruvate
MmAlaAT1Mus musculus2-oxoglutarate—0.1—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MmAlaAT1, 2-oxoglutarate
MmAlaAT1Mus musculusalanine—26.5—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MmAlaAT1, alanine
MmAlaAT1Mus musculusglutamate—13—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MmAlaAT1, glutamate
MmAlaAT1Mus musculuspyruvate—12.5—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MmAlaAT1, pyruvate
MtAlaAT1variant I144VMedicago truncatula2-oxoglutarate—0.2—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MtAlaAT1 variant I144V, 2-oxoglutarate
MtAlaAT1variant I144VMedicago truncatulaalanine—1—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MtAlaAT1 variant I144V, alanine
MtAlaAT1variant I144VMedicago truncatulaglutamate—0.1—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MtAlaAT1 variant I144V, glutamate
MtAlaAT1variant I144VMedicago truncatulapyruvate—18.6—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MtAlaAT1 variant I144V, pyruvate
MtAlaAT2variant F177SMedicago truncatula2-oxoglutarate—0.3—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MtAlaAT2 variant F177S, 2-oxoglutarate
MtAlaAT2variant F177SMedicago truncatulaalanine—1.5—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MtAlaAT2 variant F177S, alanine
MtAlaAT2variant F177SMedicago truncatulaglutamate—0.3—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MtAlaAT2 variant F177S, glutamate
MtAlaAT2variant F177SMedicago truncatulapyruvate—18—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: MtAlaAT2 variant F177S, pyruvate
PfAlaATPyrococcus furiosus2-oxoglutarate—0.02—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: PfAlaAT, 2-oxoglutarate
PfAlaATPyrococcus furiosusalanine—4—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: PfAlaAT, alanine
PfAlaATPyrococcus furiosusglutamate—0.9—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: PfAlaAT, glutamate
PfAlaATPyrococcus furiosuspyruvate—16.5—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: PfAlaAT, pyruvate
Rv0337c/AspCMycobacterium tuberculosisL-alanine5.062.581.69pH 7.4, 37 °CPMID 32327655Open record: Rv0337c/AspC, L-alanine
ScAlaAT1Saccharomyces cerevisiae2-oxoglutarate—0.5—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: ScAlaAT1, 2-oxoglutarate
ScAlaAT1Saccharomyces cerevisiaealanine—0.3—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: ScAlaAT1, alanine
ScAlaAT1Saccharomyces cerevisiaeglutamate—0.7—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: ScAlaAT1, glutamate
ScAlaAT1Saccharomyces cerevisiaepyruvate—11—pH 8, 20 °CPMID 23408955Open record: ScAlaAT1, pyruvate